为了更好地传播知识，推动期刊国际合作，本刊与《城市研究》（Urban Studies）杂志达成网络合作，不定期推送友刊的精选文章摘要。读者们可以借此了解国际城市研究的新动向，同时学习城市研究领域学术英文的正规表达。欢迎大家批评指正。
Urban motorways as spaces of possibility: Urban interstices and everyday practices around a motorway in Sardinia
作为可能性空间的城市高速公路——撒丁岛高速公路周围城市间隙和日常实践
Abstract: In this article, I explore the hypothesis that urban interstices around urban motorways could be intended as spaces of creative, political and performative possibilities not responding to planning and market logic. Urban interstices are context-dependent spaces in a minoritarianposition compared to more powerful spaces. Their relationship with planning and investments is ambiguous, because they are by-products of urban processes but temporarily neglected spaces. This leads to a certain degree of freedom in the experimentation of different uses and dynamics. Grounding in Gibson-Graham’s politics of possibility, I provide a re-reading of urban motorways as spaces of possibility where undisciplined spatial forms and dynamics are made visible, conceivable and therefore possible. With an ethnographic approach, I explored the daily practices taking place in the interstices of the urban motorway SS 554, which encircles the city of Cagliari, in Sardinia. I provide an understanding of the daily practices of its inhabitants as a form of non-conflictual everyday politics, intended as a practice of producing urban space always-in-the-making. By observing daily life in urban interstices, I highlight the political possibilities that infrastructure entails and suggest an overcoming of the technocratic and normative gaze usually adopted in work on urban motorways. These urban interstices appear to be spaces of possibility, where the discarded pieces of urban processes are appropriated by inhabitants to produce a different urbanity.
摘要：本文探讨了这样一个假设，即城市高速公路周围的城市间隙可以被设计为具有创意的、政治性的和施为可能性的空间，而不受规划和市场逻辑的影响。与更强大的空间相比，城市间隙是处于弱势地位的、依赖于周围环境的空间。它们与规划和投资的关系很模糊，因为它们是城市化进程的副产品，是暂时被忽视的空间。这使得人们有一定程度的自由，可以尝试将其用于不同用途以及改变其动态。基于吉布森-格雷厄姆的“可能性政治”，作者重新解读了城市高速公路，将其视为一种可能性空间，在这种空间中，不受约束的空间形式和动态变得可见、可以想象，成为可能。通过民族志的研究方法，作者考察了环绕撒丁岛卡利亚里市的SS554号城市高速公路周围城市间隙的居民日常实践。作者将居民的日常实践理解为一种非冲突的日常政治形式，一种不断创造城市空间的实践。通过观察城市间隙中的日常生活，作者强调了基础设施涉及的政治可能性，并建议克服城市高速公路工作中通常采用的技术官僚和规范视角。这些城市间隙似乎是充满可能性的空间，城市发展过程中被丢弃的部分被居民利用，产生了不同的城市活力。
Keywords: ethnography, everyday practices, Italy, urban interstices, urban motorways
关键词：民族志、日常实践、意大利、城市间隙、城市高速公路
原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241240208
The role of analytical models and their circulation in urban studies and policy
Clémentine Cottineau（荷兰代尔夫特理工大学）
Itzhak Benenson（以色列特拉维夫大学）
Justin Delloye（比利时鲁汶天主教大学）
Somwrita Sarkar（澳大利亚悉尼大学）
Cécile Tannier（法国弗朗什-孔泰大学）
Rūta Ubarevičienė（荷兰代尔夫特理工大学；立陶宛社会科学中心）
Abstract: Cities are so complex that we constantly build models to represent them, understand them and attempt to plan them. Models represent a middle ground between the singular configurations of cities and universal theories. This is what makes them valuable and prone to circulate (between places, institutions and languages) and evolve to adapt to new ideas, local conditions and/or other models. When it comes to analytical urban models (i.e. analytical representations of cities developed to study or simulate part of their structure or dynamics), there is a lack of academic understanding regarding how context and circulation affect their content, use and interpretation. What happens to analytical urban models and their reception during their circulation across geographical and disciplinary boundaries? How have different academic disciplines interacted with, contributed to and been influenced by analytical urban models? What are the consequences of urban models’ mobility for our understanding of cities? In this article, we employ the policy mobilities framework to analyse the circulation of analytical urban models. We use six canonical models as case studies to determine how their assumptions came about and how these models have circulated across different domains of policy and application by using biographical information and model analysis. The first contribution of the article is to demonstrate by example that our hypothesis regarding the influence of context is consistent. We also show that highly transferable/mobile models share common characteristics relating to contingent factors such as their creators’ biographies, institutional context and the traditional markers of power relations.
摘要：城市是如此复杂，以至于我们不断建立模型来呈现、理解城市，甚至尝试规划城市。模型是城市的单一结构与普遍理论之间的中间地带。这也正是模型的价值所在——它们易于流通（在不同地方、机构和语言之间）和演变，能够不断发展以适应新的理念、当地条件和/或其他模型。当谈到分析性城市模型（即为研究或模拟城市的部分结构或动态而开发的城市分析表示）时，学界对于背景和流通如何影响其内容、使用和解释仍缺乏相关了解。在跨越地理和学科界限流通的过程中，分析性城市模型及其接受度情况如何？不同学科是如何与分析性城市模型相互作用，对其产生影响同时受其影响的？城市模型的流动性对我们理解城市有何影响？在本文中，我们采用政策流动性框架来梳理分析性城市模型的流通。我们以六个经典模型为案例，通过传记信息和模型分析来确定它们的假设是如何产生的，以及这些模型是如何在不同的政策和应用领域中流通的。本文的第一个贡献是通过范例证明了我们关于背景影响的假设是一致的。我们还表明，具有高度可转移性/流动性的模型，具有与一些与偶然因素相关的共同特征，这些偶然因素包括创建者的人生经历、制度背景和权力关系的传统标志等。
Keywords: biography, circulation, contingency, mobility, simulation, urban model
关键词：传记、流通、偶然性、流动性、模拟、城市模型
原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241237410
Green in their own way: Pragmatic and progressive means for cities to overcome institutional barriers to sustainability
以自己的方式实现绿色——城市克服可持续发展制度障碍的务实和渐进手段
Christof Brandtner（法国里昂商学院；美国斯坦福大学慈善与公民社会中心）
Abstract: To realise their potential to lead in sustainability development, cities require both symbolic resources such as social capital and legitimacy and material resources such as financial and technical support. Recent research in urban studies has shown that cities overcome institutional barriers to urban sustainability by drawing on support from their wider environment. However, we argue that resource needs vary depending on whether cities spotlight or sideline sustainability. Drawing on in-depth interviews with sustainability managers in cities with variable seriousness about sustainability, and representatives of city networks and support organisations, we show that cities express different symbolic and material resource needs as well as means to acquire them. When cities express pragmatic needs, they seek to demonstrate political feasibility and look to peer cities for legitimation; when cities express progressive needs, they aim to push the boundaries of technical possibility and broadcast their achievements to the world. Since cities require dissimilar external support, skewed attention towards ‘leading’ cities in extant research limits our understanding of how cities can overcome institutional barriers to climate action, especially when these barriers are high. Our findings offer contributions to the literature on city strategies for climate change on the institutional drivers of urban sustainability.
摘要：为了发挥城市引领可持续发展的潜力，城市既需要社会资本和合法性等象征资源，也需要资金和技术支持等物质资源。最新的城市研究表明，城市通过从更广泛环境中获得支持来克服城市可持续发展所遇到的制度障碍。然而，我们认为，对资源的需求因城市对可持续发展的重视程度而异。通过对这些城市可持续发展管理者以及城市网络和支持组织的代表进行深入访谈，我们发现城市对象征资源和物质资源的需求以及获取这些资源的手段各不相同。当城市表达务实需求时，它们力图展示政治可行性，并向同类城市寻求合法性；当城市表达进步需求时，它们旨在突破技术可能性的界限，并向世界宣传自己的成就。由于城市需要不同的外部支持，现有研究偏向于“领先的”城市，这限制了我们对于城市如何克服气候行动所面临的制度障碍的理解，尤其是当这些障碍很高时。我们的研究结果可为城市应对气候变化战略以及城市可持续发展的制度驱动因素方面的研究做出贡献。
Keywords: cities and climate change, institutional barriers, organisational legitimacy, sustainability managers, symbolic and material resources
关键词：城市与气候变化、制度障碍、组织合法性、可持续发展管理者、象征和物质资源
原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241239788
Smart cities, virtual futures? – Interests of urban actors in mediating digital technology and urban space in Tallinn, Estonia
智慧城市，虚拟未来？——爱沙尼亚塔林城市参与者在促成数字技术和城市空间中的利益
Olli Ilmari Jakonen（爱沙尼亚塔林理工大学）
Abstract: Urban spaces are reconfigured as digital technologies are increasingly embedded into cities. While existing research has considered the role of urban actors in implementing digital technologies as part of the smart urbanism framework, it has insufficiently considered the role that urban space plays for individual stakeholders and the implications this has for how they contribute to digital cities. This article therefore explores the converging interests of urban actors in mediating digital technology adoption in urban space. It draws on literature on the spatial impact of digital technologies, digital urban growth, and urban governance theory to frame the agency of urban actors to mobilise resources and collaboration to protect their interests. The paper provides insight into how interests in digital technology adoption and in the use of urban space intersect in a middle-sized European city – Tallinn, Estonia – and how these interests converge between local key stakeholders in local governance. Based on a thematic analysis of interviews, it is argued that the potential of digital technologies to dislocate functionalities from physical urban space should be understood against the backdrop of local actors’ interests. It is therefore suggested that smart urbanism should be understood as a framework through which actors of the city attempt to seize the benefits of digital technologies without compromising their interests in urban space.
摘要：随着数字技术日益融入城市，城市空间也得到重新配置。虽然现有研究已经考虑到城市参与者作为智慧城市化框架的一部分在数字技术实施方面的作用，但尚未充分考虑城市空间对各个利益相关者的作用，及其对城市参与者为数字城市做出贡献的方式的影响。因此，本文探讨了城市参与者在促成城市空间采用数字技术方面的共同利益。借鉴有关数字技术的空间影响、数字城市发展和城市治理理论的文献，本文构建了城市参与者调动资源和合作来保护其利益的机制。本文深入探讨了在爱沙尼亚的塔林，一个欧洲的中型城市，数字技术应用和城市空间利用方面的利益是如何交叉的，以及这些利益是如何在地方治理的本地关键利益相关者之间汇集的。根据针对访谈进行的主题分析，本文认为，应该在当地参与者的利益背景下理解数字技术将功能与物理城市空间脱钩的潜力。因此，本文建议将智慧城市化理解为一个框架，城市参与者试图通过该框架抓住数字技术带来的好处，同时不损害其在城市空间方面的利益。
Keywords: digital technology, smart urbanism, urban space, urban governance, interviews
关键词：数字技术、智慧城市、城市空间、城市治理、访谈
原文地址：https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241245871
Urban Studies 文章精选(234-237)
Urban Studies 文章精选(238-241)
Urban Studies 文章精选(232-245)
排版 | 顾春雪
推介 Urban Studies 期刊的最新文章和城市研究的最新动态
搭建中国城市研究学者交流切磋的学术平台
原文始发于微信公众号（国际城市规划）：期刊导航 | Urban Studies文章精选(246-250)
规划问道
